WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE A SHEEP?

 

 

Jesus made the analogy that humans are like sheep, and He referred to Himself as the Good Shepherd.  David thought of himself as a sheep under the care of The Lord.  These analogies cause us to wonder about our basic nature.  If we have similar characteristics to the sheep then this says something about our basic design.  When we think about it, we humans are so very much like sheep.  We struggle with the constraint problems.  We rebel against the fences that bind us into our pens.  We jump when we should be still.  We are still when we should be moving.  We ignore the existence of others and blame them for all the confusion.  We think having a Shepherd is a frightening thing because we would rather be independent.  We are difficult to train, even in the simple lessons, and pretend we have all the answers.  We feel the teaching methods, of pain and peace, are so unfair.  We live a day at a time with no knowledge about the future, and we have only a very primitive attitude about the past.  We consume our moments with attempts to satisfy our desires, and are always in a perpetual state of discontentment.  We cloud our reality with bursts of enthusiasm, with a pretense of a zeal for life, and then a clatter of noise causes us to hide in fearful thoughts.  We are in so many ways in our nature similar to the sheep and the lambs.  Believe it or not, we were designed this way.  God’s plan is to grow us up from nothing into the way we should go [Proverbs 22:6], as new creatures holy and acceptable in our nature and soul [2 Corinthians 5:17-21].  Until this process is complete we carry a legacy of our old nature that is illustrated in our natural tendencies [Romans 7:21-25].

 

To be referred to as having the nature of a lamb or a sheep is usually considered an insult.  This characteristically little animal is usually never associated with glory or honor.  The lion or the horse holds the distinction of representing honor and participating in glorious feats.  Even the dog is held in higher esteem for its love and faithfulness.  The thoughts that come to mind relating to a lamb or sheep are mutton, wool, and maybe sacrifice.  The ranking of the lamb or sheep falls close to the bottom of the hierarchical scale in honor and glory.  Even something infamous as a serpent conjures up fear and respect for its stealth and cunning. 

 

The most important thing about the nature of the lamb or sheep is that it represents the planned nature for all of God’s children.  It does not matter whether or not we like this analogy.  God works with His elected children this way.  He is giving us some clues about how He works with us as a caring loving Good Shepherd.  Jesus refers to His role in this temporal life as taking the part of a The Good Shepherd [John 10:14].  He calls His followers His sheep.  The reason this analogy is used is to convey the suggestion that we are here to follow Him in the ways we should go, His way.

 

Jesus uses the lamb and sheep reference often, and it is recorded around a dozen times in the Gospels and sheep are mentioned in some 179 verses in the Bible (KJV).  The Gospel of John devotes Chapter 10 to this metaphor about the “Good Shepherd” and two kinds of sheep --- His sheep and the scattered sheep.  One of the most famous Psalms in the scriptures is about how King David thought of himself as a sheep under the care of The Good Shepherd [Psalms 23:1-6].  It is not intuitively obvious that the nature of the lamb has any similarities to the nature of a human.  Both the natural and developed nature needs close examination before the similarities begin to emerge.  The analogy of the lamb or sheep as a figurative representation of two natures, the old and the new.  However, we feel about it, in this analogy we must find it significant that the nature of the sheep is used so numerously in the scriptures; there must be a good reason.

 

Even contextual location of this chapter in the Gospel of John appears, also, to have significances.  The metaphor about the sheep, in this chapter, is part of an important trilogy of chapters, relating to the John 14:6 as their theme.  Jesus is The Way, Chapter 9, The Truth, Chapter 10, and The Life, Chapter 11.  We find a lesson on how our blindness is healed by the Master and a lesson about our eternal resurrection surrounds this chapter, which identifies His children as His sheep, a profound truth.  Being aware, learning how to live, and having the promise of eternal life are tied together in these three chapters.  These instructions, also, seem to be reminiscent of the Apostle Paul’s mysterious verse in Romans, “And those He predestined, He also called; those He called, He also justified; those He justified, He also glorified” [Romans 8:30].

 

This lesson is introduced with Jesus’ assurance that His words contained in this metaphor are the absolute truth, which is not an extreme form of relative truth.  This subject of absolute truth is avoided in most quarters because it requires an absolute source before it can be meaningful.  Jesus is the only source for absolute truth [John 14:6].  This is “the truth that will set you free” [John 8:32].  Jesus is recorded using this phrase 20 times in The Gospel of John.  It is a signal to us that the following message is very important, filled with absolute truth, the source of real freedom.

 

There are three prudent concepts represented in this John 10:1 verse.  The concepts are truth, security, and control.  These concepts are particularly meaningful to us in our temporal domain.  We are limited in our recourses in translating these concepts in the spiritual domain, but can assume they will be important there also.  The Scriptures, however, are helpful in giving us some appreciation for the scope of these concepts and this verse. 

 

The word “Truth,” for instance is used some 274 times in the Bible always in a direct or indirect reference to God’s actions, a human aspiration, or as a divine attribute [Malachi 2:6 and Matthew 14:33 are examples].  We understand all too well, how our temporal truths fade and change with time, however, this should allow us to begin to appreciate how God’s truth never fades; this is because His truth is always TRUE. 

 

We all seek to attain security in many ways for our own reasons, yet, in our hearts, we learn over time that our security rests in God’s will.  We can take comfort in the promises in His word, which tells us that we can be safe in Him [Isaiah 63:7, Psalm 119:116, Matthew 6:19-21, Philippians 3:1, 4:4].  The walls of our figurative sheepfold protects us from ourselves and from the pervasive evil, which surrounds us in this world [1 Corinthians 10:13].  We are eternally secure according to His promises [Romans 8:1].  There is nothing, “neither death nor life, neither angels nor demons, neither the present, nor the future, nor any powers, neither height nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God that is in Christ Jesus our Lord” [Romans 8:38, 39].

 

The walls of our sheepfold, the gate, and the promises of this security, clearly tell us that This Good Shepherd is in control.  The grammatical tense and mood indicates that Jesus is speaking of both His control in the temporal as well as His absolute eternal control.  This continuous absolute control is fundamental in God’s creation and plan.  His word tells us that “all things” are being worked for the good of His children [Romans 8:28]. 

 

The idea of the Shepherd caring for His sheep is compatible with this continuous control concept.  As any shepherd has a reason for owning sheep, God has a purpose for each and every member of His flock [Romans 8:29, 30].  It is His purpose that His sheep develop into a new creature reflecting the image of The Son [2 Corinthians 5:17].

 

The management of His sheep is controlled by the walled sheepfold and with only one gate into the fold.  The access into this fold is controlled by the Shepherd as the next verse states, “For a shepherd enters through the gate.”  There is a singular manager of the sheep, who has a unique and a precise method of managing each and every one of His sheep in this enterprise.  There is just one gate, and this one and only shepherd has been assigned management of this gate.  The existence of this gate is a central fact in the metaphor is emphasized to mark it as being significant.  This passageway partitions the sheep from the outside world and the shepherd decides on all of the passages through this gate.  This seems to emphasize the singularity in ownership, the control, and the future intentions of the shepherd.  The message seems to point to the role of Jesus who comes into this life to give hope of truth, security, and control over the life of His sheep.

 

David, the son of Jesse of Bethlehem, spent his early years working as a shepherd.  He probably learned about sheep from his father, who was an owner of many sheep, and his six brothers, who were trying to pass the shepherding skill on to their younger brother as fast as they could.  David, at the end of the sibling line, was left to tend the sheep while everyone else was out doing the honorable and  “manly” things like making war [1 Samuel 17:15].  David knew sheep and he was a skilled shepherd who was protective of his sheep.  Later when he wrote Psalm 23, these words have a special meaning to him and can be to us when we identify with this enigmatic animal.

 

Psalm 23

 

The Lord is my shepherd, I shall

Not be in want.

He makes me lie down in green pastures,

He leads me beside quiet waters,

He restores my soul.

He guides me in paths of

Righteousness

For His name sake,

Even though I walk

Through the valley of the shadow of death,

I will fear no evil, for you are with me,

Your rod and your staff, they comfort me.

You prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies.

You anoint my head with oil; my cup overflows,

Surely goodness and love will follow me all the days of my life, and

I will dwell in house of the Lord forever.

 

 If the Lord is the Shepherd then those who belong to the Lord are His sheep.  David is not being derogatory in this statement, but he is making a simple realistic observation.  He saw similarities that helped him to understand his own feelings and his feelings towards others.  He saw the life of sheep and the sheep’s relationship playing out into something that was meaningful to him.  He could easily empathize with the shepherd’s concern for the sheep, in their helpless state.  He wanted the best for these sheep in this hostile environment. 

 

David had learned about the sheep’s undesirable tendencies, and he had been taught how to train these wayward creatures to become productive, using good sheep management.  He, as a good shepherd, understood their needs and desires were not controllable by their own will, but they had to be taught the difference between right and wrong.  He knew these sheep were incapable of teaching themselves anything.  He knew if they were left to their own devices then these sheep would soon become lost in the wilderness, and eventually they would be eaten by some predator.  He knew these sheep could be taught if his methods were gentle and proven to be effective by generations of shepherds.  The tools of his trade, including the rod and staff, were always applied with gentle love and understanding.  His responsibility was to control, teach, and maintain the sheep in these hostile surroundings.  This is what a good shepherd does.

 

The primary message of the Psalm is clear.  The Shepherd takes on the responsibility of providing all that is needed in the sheep’s life.  The Hebrew word here is interpreted in NIV as “not be in want” but really, this word more accurately means “to lack” or “to be deprived” of something.  In other words, when the sheep have a need the shepherd is there to provide for that need.  The shepherd defines what is needed.  The sheep do not decide based upon something that is wanted, but the shepherd always decides what is needed or lacking. 

 

These needs are: (1) food (“green grass”), (2) water (“quiet” or still and not rushing), (3) protection (“restores my soul”) from harm, and (4) teaching (“in paths”) the difference between right and wrong, which is defined according to His Word (“names sake”).  These promises of the basics are then emphasized.  Harm is defined as death and evil.  The teachings will include some pain at the right time for the right reason; this type of pain can actually be comforting [James 1:2].  The distribution of needs will include also celebration and peace in the mist of trouble.  Always, no matter what, there is the soothing oil of the Spirit that brings the truly abundant life, which lasts forever.

 

We need to get over our attitude of being insulted.  We are like sheep.  We need to thank God He made us this way because this design was a part of His plan, all for His honor and glory.